{"id":1203,"date":"2024-11-12T11:00:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-12T03:00:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/?p=1203"},"modified":"2024-12-06T15:59:42","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T07:59:42","slug":"a-detailed-guide-to-electroless-nickel-plating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/hi\/a-detailed-guide-to-electroless-nickel-plating\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0917\u093e\u0907\u0921"},"content":{"rendered":"<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 20\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f 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{\"id\":1216,\"width\":\"650px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/electroless-nickel-plating-processes.jpg\" alt=\"electroless-nickel-plating-processes\" class=\"wp-image-1216\" style=\"width:650px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 1: \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>&lt;\u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924&gt;\u090f. \u0938\u092b\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091c\u093f\u0902\u0917<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0947\u0932, \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0938 \u092f\u093e \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u091f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>&lt;\u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924&gt;\u092c\u0940. \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0923 (\u0917\u0948\u0930-\u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 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\u090f\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e\u0940\u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e) \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0918\u0928\u0947 \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0907\u0921 \u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0906\u0938\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u091f\u094c\u0924\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0921\u093e\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092e \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947, \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938\u0902\u091c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915\u0930\u0942\u092a\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0921\u0941\u092c\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092c\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0923 \u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0938\u093f\u0921 \u0928\u0915\u093c\u094d\u0915\u093c\u093e\u0936\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935-\u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 2: \u0911\u091f\u094b\u0915\u0948\u091f\u0932\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924:<\/strong> Provides nickel ions, typically sourced from nickel sulfate or nickel chloride.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li> <strong>\u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u0947\u0902:<\/strong> Commonly sodium hypophosphite, although sodium borohydride and DMAB (dimethylamine borane) are also used, which reduce nickel ions to metallic nickel.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>\u0915\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f:<\/strong> Bind with nickel ions to keep them in solution and control the deposition rate, examples include lactic acid and acetic acid.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>\u092c\u092b\u093c\u0930\u094d\u0938:<\/strong> Maintain the desired pH level of the solution, such as acetic acid or sodium acetate.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li><strong>\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092c\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0938:<\/strong> Prevent unwanted decomposition of the bath, typically trace amounts of compounds like lead or sulfur.<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0939\u092e \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u094b\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f (NaH2PO2) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:table -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u094b\u0921\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u094b\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0911\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/strong><\/td><td>H<sub>2<\/sub>PO<sup>2-<\/sup>+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 H<sub>2<\/sub>PO<sup>3-<\/sup>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup>+2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940<\/strong><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Ni<sup>2+<\/sup>+2e<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u2192Ni&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0938\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/strong><strong><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Ni<sup>2+<\/sup><sup>&nbsp;<\/sup>+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>PO<sup>2-<\/sup>+ 2H<sub>2<\/sub>O \u2192 Ni + 2H<sub>2<\/sub>PO<sup>3-<\/sup>+ 2H<sup>+<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><sup>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0964<\/sup><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:table -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>\u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941:<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0930\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u091c\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u091c\u092e\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>\u0939\u093e\u0907\u092a\u094b\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u093e\u0907\u091f \u0906\u092f\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u0939-\u091c\u092e\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930 \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 (2 ~ 5% \u092a\u0940), \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 (6 ~ 9% \u092a\u0940), \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 (10 ~ 13% \u092a\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0917\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0939\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u0932\u0917\u093e\u090f\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u091a\u0930\u0923 3: \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u092c \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0902\u091b\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0924\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0927\u094b\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947, \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u092c\u094d\u0938\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092d\u0940\u0924\u0930 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{\"id\":1205,\"width\":\"409px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Effect-of-composition-on-melting-point.png\" alt=\"Effect of composition on melting point.\" class=\"wp-image-1205\" style=\"width:409px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 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{\"id\":1206,\"width\":\"437px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Effect-of-composition-on-electrical-resistivity.png\" alt=\"Effect of composition on electrical resistivity.\" class=\"wp-image-1206\" style=\"width:437px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0908\u090f\u0928 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0932\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 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src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Effect-of-composition-on-magnetic-properties.png\" alt=\"Effect of composition on magnetic properties\" class=\"wp-image-1207\" style=\"width:439px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0932\u094c\u0939\u091a\u0941\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 10.5% \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0908\u090f\u0928\u092a\u0940 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0930-\u091a\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, 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\u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u091a\u0942\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0932\u093f \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u092f \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0927\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u093e\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0930\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0915\u092e \u0938\u0930\u0902\u0927\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 (10% \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938), \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u091b\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u092f\u0939 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0915 \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:table -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0915\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>N02200 (\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0947\u0932 200)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" colspan=\"3\"><strong>\u090f\u0928 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u0939\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0932<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\" rowspan=\"2\"><strong>\u090f\u093831600 (316 \u090f\u0938\u090f\u0938)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u090f\u0932.\u092a\u0940.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u090f\u092e\u092a\u0940<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0939\u093f\u092e\u093e\u091a\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">45% NaOH + 5% NaCl @ 40\u00b0C<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.8<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35.6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">45% NaOH + 5% NaCl @ 140\u00b0C<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">80.0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">11.9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">27.9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">35% NaOH @ 93\u00b0C<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5.1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">17.8<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">13.2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">94<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">52.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">50% NaOH @ 93\u00b0C<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5.1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6.1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4.8<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9.4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">533.4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">83.8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">73%NaOH @ 120\u00b0C<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5.1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7.4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u0905\u0938\u092b\u0932<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1448<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">332.7<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><sub>\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0930\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0928\/\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u092e\u0947\u0902, 100 \u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u092a\u094b\u091c\u093c\u0930\u0964<\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:table -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":1208,\"width\":\"421px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Effect-of-Composition-on-Microhardness-of-As-Plated-Deposits.png\" alt=\"Effect of Composition on Microhardness of As-Plated Deposits\" class=\"wp-image-1208\" style=\"width:421px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u091c\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0916\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e (HK100) \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 500 \u0938\u0947 720 \u0924\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 150 \u0914\u0930 400 HK100 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e, \u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e, \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092b\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 850 \u0938\u0947 950 \u090f\u091a\u0915\u0947100 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093f\u092f\u092e \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u092f\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093f\u092f\u092e \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0917\u0939 \u0932\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:columns -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column {\"width\":\"50%\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><!-- wp:image {\"id\":1209,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Heat-treatment-behavior-of-high-phosphorus-deposits.png\" alt=\"Heat treatment behavior of high phosphorus deposits\" class=\"wp-image-1209\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><sub><sup>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/sup><\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column {\"width\":\"50%\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><!-- wp:image {\"id\":1210,\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Heat-treatment-behavior-of-low-phosphorus-deposits.png\" alt=\"Heat treatment behavior of low phosphorus deposits\" class=\"wp-image-1210\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><sub><sup>\u0915\u092e \u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0964<\/sup><\/sub><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:columns -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 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\u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f, \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925, \u092a\u0941\u0928: \u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0932\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f, \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092a\u0930\u0940\u0924, \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0940 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u0902\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:table -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u092b\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 (%)<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>\u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2 - 5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">400\u00b0 - 425\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 1 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6 - 9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">375\u00b0 - 400\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 1 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10 - 13<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">375\u00b0 - 400\u00b0C \u092a\u0930 1 \u0918\u0902\u091f\u093e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><sup><em>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0924\u092e \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f<\/em>\u0964<\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:table -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u092a\u0939\u0928<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 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\u0915\u0920\u094b\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925, \u0906\u092e\u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u093e\u092a \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0928\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092e\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0940\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} -->\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0932\u091a\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928<\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n\n<!-- wp:image {\"id\":1211,\"width\":\"442px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Effect-of-composition-on-ductility.png\" alt=\"Effect of composition on ductility\" class=\"wp-image-1211\" style=\"width:442px;height:auto\"><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u0932\u091a\u0940\u0932\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u0924\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u092e-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a-\u092b\u0949\u0938\u094d\u092b\u094b\u0930\u0938 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 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href=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/surface-finishing-service\/\">\u0938\u0930\u092b\u0947\u0938 \u092b\u093c\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0936<\/a> \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0922\u093c \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 20\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 1944 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0921\u0949. \u090f\u092c\u0928\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0908. \u0930\u093f\u0921\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0924\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091c\u092e\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u0947, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0939\u0948, \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948 &#8211; \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092f\u0930\u094b\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0947\u0938 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u0924\u0947\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0938, \u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surface-finish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Detailed Guide to Electroless Nickel Plating - CNC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/chiggofactory.com\/hi\/a-detailed-guide-to-electroless-nickel-plating\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Detailed Guide to Electroless Nickel Plating - CNC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0932\u0947\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u091a\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 20\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 1944 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0921\u0949. \u090f\u092c\u0928\u0930 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0928\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938 \u0908. \u0930\u093f\u0921\u0947\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0917\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 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